Uterine leiomyomas are common benign tumours of the uterus whose pathogenesis remains poorly understood.In India, the incidence is high and it inflicts a heavy burden on women`s health and healthcare system by being a common aetiology for menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea in women of reproductive age group.Incidence is between 5.4 to 77%.Vitamin D deficiency is a proven risk factor in the pathogenesis of uterine fibroid in many studies conducted in different parts of the world but not many studies have been conducted on Indian women.

Methods: A total of 200 women of age group 18 to 45 years attending District Hospital,Howrah,West Bengal, were included in the study.Out of which,100 had leiomyoma and rest healthy women without leiomyoma serves as controls.Routine ultrasound examination and serum hormone analysis of Vitamin D3 were done.Serum FSH(Follicle Stimulating Hormone), LH (Luteinizing Hormone) were done on day 2 of menstruation.Statistical analysis of data was performed using SPSS Version 22 software.

Results: The mean serum concentration of vitamin D3 was significantly lower in women with uterine fibroids compared to controls (p<0.003).On further analysis, 68.4% of cases were found to be severely deficient (vitamin D3 12 ng/dl was 5.38 (p<0.0001).

Conclusion: Serum Vitamin D3 level inversely correlated with the burden of leiomyoma and possibly its deficiency is a causative factor for the occurrence of uterine fibroid in the reproductive age group women.

Keywords: Risk Factor, Uterine fibroid/ leiomyoma, Vitamin D deficiency.

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