Background: In modern obstetric practice, peripartum hysterectomy is a lifesaving procedure to control massive hemorrhage when medical treatment and conservative surgery fails. The reported incidence varies between 0.2 and 5.4 in 1000 deliveries.

Materials and methods: The present prospective study was carried out in Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences (VIMS), a tertiary hospital and teaching institute at Bellary, Karnataka. Study was conducted for a period of one year from September 2014 to August 2015. Study source included all the patients delivering (vaginally and by cesarean section) at VIMS during the study period.

Results: During the study period of one year a total number of 9758 deliveries were conducted at the hospital out of which 5921 (60.7%) were vaginal deliveries and 3837 (39.3%) were cesarean deliveries. Emergency peripartum hysterectomy was performed in 13 cases. The incidence of peripartum hysterectomy was 1.3 /1000 deliveries. Most common indication for performing emergency peripartum hysterectomy was intractable obstetric hemorrhage due to atonicity, with an incidence of 53.84%. The most common risk factor was multiparity with an incidence of 69.23%.

Conclusion: Present study highlights the need for overall improvement in health care system, experienced surgeons to minimize the potential complications and use of proper guidelines and protocols to control obstetric hemorrhage. In the age of rising cesarean deliveries, here comes a responsibility and a challenge - to take into consideration of a woman’s long-term reproductive outcomes.

Key words:  peripartum hysterectomy, cesarean delivery, obstetric hemorrhage, atonicity, multiparity.

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